The GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) continuous operating reference station network not only provides a reliable technical foundation and data support for achieving high-precision navigation and positioning services, but also can be integrated with other Earth observation systems (such as laser ranging, gravity measurement, etc.) to improve the accuracy and stability of Earth observation data. It is used to establish regional and global coordinate frameworks and provide data to support scientific research such as seismology, geo-tectonics, and oceanography. This article first systematically introduces the construction, development history and current situation of the Russian GNSS continuous operating reference station network, and then carefully analyzes the construction, operation, and application status and existing problems of the Russian reference station network. Finally, after careful consideration, it discusses the problems and challenges faced in the planning of reference station network construction, equipment localization, and national unified reference station network construction, and provides some suggestions and ideas.