Phase transformations induced in Ni3Al, Ti3Al-based superalloy with an addition of niobium, and orthorhombic Ti2AlNb aluminides by shock-wave loading were studied. The samples were subject to an impact of a steel plate. The maximum pressure on the surface of the samples was 100 GPa. The loading pulse was 1 mus. It was shown that the L1(2)-->DO22 phase transformation took place in a single crystal of the superalloy containing 90% Ni3Al intermetallic phase. A banded structure passing through initial gamma'-cuboids and regions with twins, which were the DO22-phase, were detected. The B2-->DO19 phase transformation was revealed in the polycrystalline Ti-25.6 at. % Al-10.3 at. % Nb alloy after shock loading. Long straight dislocations, which occasionally formed slip bands, were located in grains of the DO,9 phase and fine particles of the 132 phase were present instead of interlayers. Fine particles of the B19 phase, which was disordered on niobium, were found in the polycrystalline orthorhombic Ti-25 at. % Al-22 at. % Nb alloy after loading. The particles were observed along boundaries of initial plates of the orthorhombic O-phase. These observations were compared with results obtained after quasistatic compression-shear loading and cold or hot rolling.