TY - JOUR

T1 - Kinetics of the Domain Structure in Uniform Electric Field in LiNbO3 with Surface Layer Modified by Soft Proton Exchange

AU - Savelyev, Evgeniy

AU - Akhmatkhanov, Andrey

AU - Tronche, Hervé

AU - Doutre, Florent

AU - Lunghi, Tommaso

AU - Baldi, Pascal

AU - Shur, Vladimir

N1 - The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use “Modern nanotechnology” Ural Federal University (Reg. no. 2968), which is supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education RF (project no. 075‐15‐2021‐677), was used. The study was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the Development Program of the Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin in accordance with the program of strategic academic leadership “Priority‐2030”.

PY - 2024/4/1

Y1 - 2024/4/1

N2 - The creation of periodic domain structures in lithium niobate crystals makes it possible to realize highly efficient nonlinear optical interactions in optical waveguides. The influence of near-surface H+ ion concentration gradient on the domain kinetics in uniform electric field in lithium niobate crystals modified by soft proton exchange is studied. The spatial distribution of the H+ ions concentration in the surface layer is obtained by confocal Raman microscopy. The observed anomalous evolution of the domain structure at the surface represents the formation of stripe domains and their anisotropic growth along three directions. The domain imaging in the bulk allows revealing a comb-like domain shape. The obtained strong influence of the proton exchange duration on the threshold field is attributed to the action of the concentration gradient in the near-surface layer, which is considered as an analog of the internal bias electric field. It is shown that the internal bias field is proportional to the increase in the concentration gradient in the surface layer. The mechanism of the comb-like domain formation is proposed. The obtained results can be used for development of domain engineering methods in optical waveguides.

AB - The creation of periodic domain structures in lithium niobate crystals makes it possible to realize highly efficient nonlinear optical interactions in optical waveguides. The influence of near-surface H+ ion concentration gradient on the domain kinetics in uniform electric field in lithium niobate crystals modified by soft proton exchange is studied. The spatial distribution of the H+ ions concentration in the surface layer is obtained by confocal Raman microscopy. The observed anomalous evolution of the domain structure at the surface represents the formation of stripe domains and their anisotropic growth along three directions. The domain imaging in the bulk allows revealing a comb-like domain shape. The obtained strong influence of the proton exchange duration on the threshold field is attributed to the action of the concentration gradient in the near-surface layer, which is considered as an analog of the internal bias electric field. It is shown that the internal bias field is proportional to the increase in the concentration gradient in the surface layer. The mechanism of the comb-like domain formation is proposed. The obtained results can be used for development of domain engineering methods in optical waveguides.

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U2 - 10.1002/pssr.202300420

DO - 10.1002/pssr.202300420

M3 - Article

VL - 18

JO - Physica Status Solidi - Rapid Research Letters

JF - Physica Status Solidi - Rapid Research Letters

SN - 1862-6254

IS - 4

M1 - 2300420

ER -