The paper is aimed to discuss the influence of promoting free-trade between countries participants of Belt and Road initiative. the globalization of world trade can facilitate growth, and to inhibit it. The latter is the case, if there is a fixing of specialization of developing countries in exporting raw materials. And this is a key challenge for Russia, in relation to participation in the OBOR initiative. Opportunities for mutual benefit and win-win cooperation in international trade within OBOR countries are discussed. The paper offers policy recommendations for Russia in the conditions of integration into the world economy in the framework of OBOR project.