The article is devoted to the research carried out in line with the currently actively developing scientific direction of transport ecology. Transport ecology studies various aspects of the impact of transport (the complex as a whole and its individual object, an infrastructure unit for maintenance vehicles, etc.) on the environment. To date, most studies have focused on environmental safety from the point of view of emissions to the atmosphere, but it has been found that this is not the only factor affecting environmental friendliness during exploitation, maintenance, and repair. The sources of the negative impact of transport facilities on the environment are classified, cause-and-effect relationships are established to manage the level of environmental safety throughout the entire life cycle of a truck. The factors that arise during the exploitation of a truck are highlighted and discussed; factors that depend on the maintenance of the automobile and relate directly to the automobile; factors that appear during the exploitation of the maintenance infrastructure; as well as external factors of environmental safety of truck exploitation. The prospects for the development of the declared topic are outlined. © 2023 Author(s).