We investigated the effect of the structure of heat-treated steel 35KhN2MFA on the mechanical properties under static and dynamic loading; the conditions of heat treatment were: hardening from 740–1100°C, isothermal quenching from 360°C, tempering at 300–550°C, heat cycling. It was established that a higher hardening temperature entails greater endurance: from 5700 cycles (Th=740°C) to 10,100 cycles (Th=1100°C), yet the required strength (σu=1740 MPa) is retained, and ductility and impact toughness are somewhat reduced. Isothermally quenched and high-tempered specimens have high endurance (N=12,000–13,500 cycles) but a low level of strength (σu=1330 MPa). Specimens subjected to heat cycling under the conditions hardening from 860°C and tempering at 650°C have the best complex of mechanical properties under static and cyclic loading.