Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are rapidly becoming a premier experimental tool in neuroscience and biobehavioral research. Here, we summarize major neurobehavioral domains in zebrafish models, and discuss their relevance to studying the pathobiology of human brain deficits, including anxiety/stress-related, aggressive, cognitive and social behavioral disorders. Zebrafish behavioral tests and methods of their evaluation are developing at a rapid pace, fostering our better understanding of complex biological phenomena, including normal and pathological behaviors.