Several methodological problems in the research of new religious movements (NRM) are studied in the article: the problem of their terminological justification and definition, the specific character of their doctrinal and organizational sides, the peculiarities of social doctrines and the main tendencies of their evolution in the modern world. How NRMs function may cause ambiguous attitude in the contemporary Russian society. Some negative stereotypes surrounding NRMs have been formed as well. The research of NRMs specific functions and the process of their evolution can show perspectives and tendencies of their future existence and development.