The present paper analyses the practice of the disability rights advocacy in the framework of the two different systems of international human rights protection: in accordance with the European Convention on Human Rights and in accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with disabilities. The article examines the advantages and disadvantages of these two international systems in the light of effectiveness of disability rights protection and the implementation of international obligations of the member states. European Convention on Human Rights doesn't contain any provisions for the special needs of disabled people or state obligations to secure disability rights, but instead the European Court's judgments are legally binding for the member states. United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities provides for obligations of member states on securing rights of the most vulnerable persons with disabilities, but the concluding observations of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities are just advisory which reduces their impact on the situation of disabled people rights within national legal systems. One of the tendencies in interaction of these regional and universal systems in the sphere of rights of the disabled can be mentioned: the European Court of Human Rights actively addresses the UN human rights treaties and the UN bodies'practice to define the general principles of the disability rights protection. The results of functioning of these two mechanisms are interpretation and clarification of the member states' legal obligation in unobstructed realization of rights of the disabled. This, in turn, is designed to assist member states in identifying and implementing their action plans at the national level.