The article deals with the problem of comparative study of Russian and Chinese proverbs. The paper is an analysis of some nouns of persons through relationship and Proverbs with nouns and conceptually important for Russian and Chinese philology and culture. The work is done at the interface between Linguistics and culture experts and is aimed at identifying national cultural specifics of Russian and Chinese Proverbs with the names of persons on the basis of kinship. It is in the axiological notions of gender, kinship and family in Russian and Chinese cultures reflected in paremias that the national specifics is detected. The article gives logical and thematic classification of the collected material, which includes the following semantic groups: characterization of the role of a family member, their emotionally estimated characteristics, relationships between family members.