The article considers the structure of young students, which includes two main educational communities - successful and unsuccessful schoolchildren and students. The purpose of the article is to prove the necessity and analyze the possibilities of rational resource allocation in the education system in order to support both successful and unsuccessful students. Main research methods: semi-formal expert interviews, focus groups with school students (3), college students (2) and university students (3); the analysis of 200 essays of high school students on the topic «Formula for success» was also carried out. The research results are presented in the form of structuring the educational communities of successful and unsuccessful students into 5 groups and identifying the forms and opportunities of their support in order to overcome its imbalance.