The currently applied classification of disposable radioactive wastes adopted in Russia is considered, and also it is compared with the classification recommended in IAEA public materials. The rationale for the expediency of introducing radioactive waste new categories (exempt waste, and also very short lived waste), the “critical moments” in the existing classification of solid radioactive wastes adopted in the Russian Federation are presented. Based on the “critical moments,” recommendations that were necessary to be introduced into existing legislation to improve the classification of radioactive waste were made, taking into account the public recommendations of the International Atomic Energy Commission of the IAEA and the practices of various countries.