The book is devoted to the analysis of social structure of Ancient Sparta. In the first chapter of this book the author discuss geographical conditions of this ancient society and also some nonconventional characteristics of its economic development . In particular, the author, being based on the available sources, denies the thesis that Sparta belonged to "economically backward" communities of the Ancient Greece, and comes to conclusion that this state as well as Athens was the leader of her region not only in political but also economically. In the second chapter the author considers historical conditions of Spartan city-state formation of and which have given to Sparta a bright originality. In following three chapters the author consistently analyzes the main categories of Spartan society: spartiatai, perioikoi and heilotai. All these social categories are considered from the point of view of their political, military and economic functions and the status