The role of heat capacity as the most important thermophysical characteristics of materials for solving a number of practical problems is shown. A method has been developed for determining the physical heat capacity of materials based on the enthalpy increment measurement in two ways: by differentiating the enthalpy change equation during the heating of the test substance obtained as a result of the experiment, or by determining the average heat capacity for the temperature interval between adjacent enthalpy points. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are considered. Both methods are implemented in determining the thermophysical characteristics of limestone and lime in a wide range of temperatures. With the help of a specially developed program using experimental data on the enthalpy of lime, a duplicate calculation of its thermophysical characteristics was carried out using the two methods considered. The developed technique can be used to determine the heat capacity of both metallurgical production materials and any other materials.