The article presents research results of the scientific issue structure. The author distinguishes and describes five structural and functional subsystems of the problem: prerequisite knowledge, system of idealizations, central question, hypothetical imperative, image of the sought decision. The author criticizes widespread reduction of the problem to the question in literature and analyses enigmatic character of the scientific problem, specified in works of V.L. Ginzburg. Thereby, the author substantiates interpretation of the problem as an open system of research tasks. It is also emphasized that each of the considered subsystems has an obvious or implicit human dimension of the science, but the scientific fundamentals are still remain to be of objective nature.