Regional studies in post-Soviet Russian science have long developed in line with the classical geographical and/or geopolitical approaches. Geographic regions such as Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Eurasia, among others, are studied through a prism of neorealism, classical geopolitics, and integration theories. The development of these areas is discussed in the section Area Studies. When and why in the Russian scientific discourse does regional research (regionalism studies) as a separate scientific directionappear? There are three main clusters of areas that have given rise to regional research in Russia. The first area of regional research has grown out of European integration studies inwhich researchers started applying the theory of the “new regionalism” (regional representatives of the Association of European Studies: for example, the Ural and Tomsk Branch). The second direction of regional studies in Russia began to take shape within the field of Asian studies as a comparative analysis of the development of Western and Asia-Pacific Region (APR) integration models raised interest in new approaches to regional construction (the MGIMO school). The third area of regional research is associated with the difficulties of building integration in the post-Soviet space. Experts engaged in the study of regional institutions such as the SCO, CSTO, and the EAEU are beginning to turn to new approaches of regional integration, clinging to non-Western approaches of region building (St. Petersburg University). The Russian scientific school of regionalism is quite young. Russian scientists have long been engaged in the accumulation of knowledge in this area. But one cannot say that Russian scientists are only echoing Western science. The Russian contribution to regional studies is now becoming increasingly noticeable, given the need to determine the role of the Russian Federation in regional and interregional construction in the world. Russian experts make comparative studies, through both theoretical and regional prisms, seeking to understand the role of the Russian Federation in regional and global spaces and the peculiarities of the post-Soviet space, along with the alternative models of integration in Eurasia. The purpose of this chapter is to identify 1) the main schools dealing with regionalism studies, 2) features of the scientific research of these schools and their contribution to Russian/world science, and 3) prospects for the development of regional studies in Russia. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Maria Lagutina, Alexander Sergunin and Natalia Tsvetkova; individual chapters, the contributors.