Some physical properties reflecting the changes in the structure of steel 03Kh14N11K5M2YuT in stages of the process of production of wire for medical instruments, resilient members, and springs are studied. The electrical resistivity, density, crystal lattice parameter, Young's modulus, and shear modulus of the metal are determined. The microhardness and the content of magnetic phase are measured. X-ray diffraction analysis is performed. The possibility of measuring the physical properties for optimizing the process of production of high-strength wire instead of the laborious methods of determining the structural state of the steel is estimated.