The current system of Russian personal names contains Christian names of Greek and Latin origin, common to the European Christian culture. Under official atheistic ideology, the basic onomasticon did not undergo major changes. Russian personal names have not been represented in this set. The religious pluralism of modernity facilitates the emergence of neo-pagan groups opposite to the religion of the majority, Orthodoxy and Christianity. Participants and ideologists of such religious groups choose pseudonyms, which are primordial and pre-Christian. Thus, Christian multiculturalism is opposed to neo-pagan nationalism. This chapter discusses 'theoretical onomastic' views of neo-pagan figures and the name-giving practice in neo-pagan circles.