Dysprosium nanolayers differing in the thickness are prepared by magnetron sputtering on Al2O3(R) substrates using Co90Fe10, β-Ta, and Nb buffer layers. The correlation between the crystallographic texture type and peculiarities of temperature dependences of electrical resistance of polycrystalline dysprosium films is studied. It is found that, in the case of deposition of Dy directly on Al2O3(R), a two-component texture forms in the rare-earth metal layer. One of the components is characterized by the hexagonal axis parallel to the film plane, whereas the other component is characterized by the axis perpendicular to the film plane. In the case of deposition of Dy on the β-Ta buffer layer, the microstructures of Al2O3 and Dy are shown to demonstrate the matching through β-Ta, and the perfection of the two-component texture increases. In the antiferromagnetic state, the texture components become “phases” differing in the orientation of magnetic helicoid axis, and the anitiferromagnetic ordering occurs at different temperatures. © 2023, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.