The structure and texture of alloy Zr - 2.5% Nb in initial condition and after a heat treatment (exposure to 930°C, rapid or slow cooling) are studied by the method of electron backscatter diffraction. The main crystallographic orientations of the α- and β-phases are determined. Existence of a dominant shear component in the β → α transformation in the alloy after different treatments is detected. Structure and texture inheritance is shown to occur in alloy Zr - 2.5% Nb as a result of the α → β → α phase transformations.