The purpose of this work is to reconstruct the organization and principles of functioning of medical infrastructure at state-owned factories in the Urals in the second third of the XVIII century. The purposeful industrial development of the Urals led to the emergence of mining health care and pharmacy, which served as a major milestone in the development of medicine not only at mining plants, but also in the region as a whole. The article discusses the history of the construction of a pharmacy in Yekaterinburg, the appearance and features of the functioning of hospitals in the Ural factories. The issues related to the hiring of pharmacists, healers and their activities to ensure the supply of medicines from the Medical Office in Moscow, the collection of medicinal herbs in the Urals, the establishment of a pharmacy garden in Yekaterinburg are considered. The importance of the construction and functioning of a pharmacy in Yekaterinburg as an institution providing regular production of medicines on its own was noted. The evaluation of the system of teaching medical students, their activities to provide medical care at state-owned factories in the Urals is given. Activity of doctors and pharmacists I. Schnese, H. Menders, I. Greenenberg's training of students allowed us to ensure the further development of the medical service in the Urals. The features of the organization of treatment of patients in factory settlements remote from Yekaterinburg are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the formation of a team of medical employees who were able to ensure the functioning of the medical care system in the vast territory of the mining Urals. In the middle of the XVIII century . Yekaterinburg, Perm, Gorobrazdatsky and Nerchinsky hospitals provided medical care to employees of state-owned manufactories and nearby settlements, which allows us to assert that the formation of the mining medical infrastructure in the Urals was completed by the end of the second third of the XVIII century.