This work is dedicated to the analysis of the monograph by the renowned regional historian D. A. Lyapin, titled “On the Empire’s Edge: Everyday Life of the Southern Population of Russia in the 17th Century,” published in 2020. The study offers a refreshed perspective on the history of the southwestern districts of the Russian State during the 17th century. This review aims to reinvigorate the exploration of regional social history and draws scholars’ attention to D. A. Lyapin’s work, which encapsulates his extensive research on regional issues. The author’s insights significantly augment prevailing perceptions of Russia’s regional history in the 17th century and advocate for its enhanced prominence within the academic community. D.A. Lyapin’s monograph proves invaluable not only for specialists in the social history of southwestern Russia but also for researchers beginning to delve deeply into the history of this region.