"The basis of strategic planning of activities in solving complex scientific and technical problems is the technology of system management. System methodology, system engineering, and management systems emerged in the middle of the 20th century as a response to the sharp complication of scientific, technical and managerial problems and increased responsibility for performance. At the heart of effective activity on creation and operation of complex engineering objects lie not only technical, but also management aspects of such activity.Changes in requirements in the field of radiation safety aimed at observing the principle of optimization are reviewed. The results of unique studies coming out of the tightening of requirements to control radiation impact on personnel, the public and the environment are shown. Proven tools for the continuous reduction of environmental impact indicators and ways to solve problems of the modernization of environmental management systems for nuclear power facilities are proposed. For nuclear power facilities the "context" of activities includes internal and external conditions that affect the environmental management system. The organization's context should be considered for managing risks and realizing the capabilities of EMS. The transition from functional management to process management allows for continuous and total management of the impact on the environment. The implementation of the requirements of the international standard ISO 14001: 2015 results in a continuous reduction of the environmental impact on the basis of structured and self-regulating processes of the environmental management system. For objects using nuclear energy, the implementation of the requirements of ISO 14001:2015 ensures the implementation of the ALARA principle in its entirety."