Nowadays, relations between the Republic of Korea and Japan are still far from ideal. Despite their smoothing in many aspects, some problems are still quite acute. The Dokdo (Takeshima) Islands, over which there are disagreements, officially belong to the Republic of Korea, but their ownership is disputed by Japan. This situation has inevitably led to a number of problems in other aspects of the political and economic life of the countries. 0ne of such problems is the problem of fishing in this region that doesn't lose its relevance even at the beginning of the XXI century. The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the ongoing disputes related to the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) in the area of the Dokdo Islands. At the present stage, there is still a misunderstanding between Japan and the Republic of Korea regarding the operation of fishing vessels in the Exclusive Economic Zone, the delimitation of this territory with neighboring countries, etc. The mentioned above indicates the relevance of this problem. The article examines the positions of the Republic of Korea and Japan in relation to the problem posed, and reasonable scientific conclusions are made.