The study of the physical mechanism of the influence of the turbulence intensity of gas flows on the heat transfer level in pipes of different configurations is an urgent task in the field of heat engineering and power engineering. A brief review of the literature data on this topic is given in the article. The purpose of this study is to study the effect of the initial level of turbulence of a stationary gas flow on the heat transfer intensity in straight pipes with different cross sections. The study was carried out experimentally and through numerical simulation of physical processes. The description of the boundary conditions of modeling is presented in the article. The main characteristics of the experimental stand and measuring instruments are also described. It should be noted that the simulation results are confirmed by experimental data. It is shown that the values of the local heat transfer coefficient increase (from 5 to 17%) with an increase in the flow turbulence intensity (from 2 to 10%) in pipes with different cross sections. It has been established that the heat transfer intensity increases up to 30% in a triangular tube compared to a round tube. It was found that there is a suppression of heat transfer in a square tube up to 15% compared to a round tube. The data obtained can be useful for designing flow elements and gas exchange systems for power machines and installations (reciprocating engines, gas turbines, compressor equipment, etc.).