The technological chain of production of steels and alloys has been discussed. It has been established that in order to improve the quality of metal products, strict regulation of temperature and temporal parameters of smelting is necessary. This impact was called thermotime treatment of melt. The use of thermotime treatment leads to an increasing of homogeneity and regularity of distribution of components of the microstructure, the formation of a favorable structure of ingots and castings, a reduction of porosity, increasing of ductility of metal during hot plastic deformation.