The results of the study are aimed at private investors who seek to make informed decisions about the formation of their investment portfolio. They will help you better understand the risks and returns of various types of securities, and also teach you how to effectively manage your investments. The relevance of the study lies in the need to protect and increase capital during the volatility of financial markets. Therefore, the formation of an optimal investment portfolio, taking into account risk and profitability, is an urgent task for investors. The purpose of the study is to conduct fundamental analysis in order to select stocks to form an optimal investment portfolio. The main emphasis is on the analysis of risks and returns that accompany this process.