The book contains papers that analyse the problems of solving military-industrial, institutional-political, socio-economic, military-organizational and sociocultural issues in the extreme conditions of the Great Patriotic war in a conceptual-theoretical, historiographical and concrete-historical way. The content of the papers expands knowledge in military history, contributes to the development of academic criteria for unbiased understanding and positive reception of the national feat in the historical memory of generations. The published texts help to improve the system of patriotic education of the population and strengthen the national security of Russian Federation. The book is for a wide range of readers, all who are interested in history of Russian regions, history of whole Russia and world history.