State support for families with children today is one of the most important areas of state policy, in which maternity protection plays a significant role. Maternity protection was of great importance in the Soviet state, but the national states that emerged after its collapse did not approach this issue in the same way. In accordance with this, the purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of the state policy of post-Soviet states in the field of maternity protection.The methods of the study were the analysis of theoretical documents, as well as the legislation of post- Soviet countries in the field of maternity protection.The results of the study show a variety of approaches to maternity protection in the post-Soviet space: from the duration of maternity leave, the presence or absence of parental leave and the possibility of obtaining it to other persons other than mothers, to the basis, size and regularity of various payments.