This article studies the problems of formation of national identity of the younger generation in the conditions of globalization changes of the world. The theoretical basis is the idea of multidimensionality of youth as specific community (social structure, social institute, a social reserve, and social risk among others), about the stability of structure of traditional valuable orientations of the Russian youth against the background of increase in dispersion of interpretation of fundamental images of culture, promotion of values unusual for national identity; multidimensionality and variability of youth identification: subcultural, professional, ethnonational and another. As indicators of national identity the languages embodied in national psychology and finding reflection in national character, customs, art, myths, religion are allocated. On results of sociological poll (N = 1,406, online poll, a method of “snowball”, the territory of all federal districts of Russia, youth aged 14-35) the interrelation national identity of youth with the national culture of the population, her knowledge, assessment and acceptance is shown. Differences in processes of identification of youth of the Ural Federal District and the youth living on other part of Russia are shown. Estimates of structure of valuable orientations, identifications with the concepts “Russian”, “the people”, self-assessments of backbone elements of the Russian culture (literature, history, folklore, folk music, painting, and architecture), the level of knowledge of the Russian history, a self-assessment of desire to live outside Russia are given. The conclusion is drawn on need to consider the cultural changes happening to literature, the Russian word, the Russian history at management of processes of national identification of youth, within realization of the state youth policy.