The article presents the results of a study of professional deficits of modern teachers. The problem of research is relevant from the point of view of pedagogical theory and practice and has an important social significance. Its decision corresponds to the strategic guidelines of state policy reflected in the state program of the Russian Federation “Development of Education”. In the socio-pedagogical aspect, the relevance of the study is due to the needs of society and the state for teachers who are ready to carry out professional activities based on the implementation of the general educational program in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard and the professional standard of the teacher. In the scientific and theoretical aspect, the relevance of the study is determined by the need to determine the methodological, theoretical foundations and pedagogical conditions for overcoming professional deficits of teachers in the process of implementing professional activities. In the scientific and methodological aspect, the relevance of the research is determined by the need for scientifically based methods and technologies that contribute to the successful overcoming of professional deficits in the process of professional pedagogical activity. The study was carried out in October - November 2021, the method of collecting information was a questionnaire survey. During the study, the diagnosis of professional deficits was carried out, which was based on the reflection of teachers of their professional activities. The diagnostic results demonstrate the presence of a fairly large percentage of teachers experiencing professional difficulties in various aspects of professional activity. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the diagnostic materials obtained will become the basis for building individual routes of professional development of a teacher, overcoming professional deficits and building a methodological network. And in the future, they will serve as a support for the search for effective methodological strategies for overcoming professional deficits in the process of preparing for pedagogical activity of students of non-pedagogical universities.