The discussion about the new forms of labour relations emerged in the late 1990’s with appearance of the term “precarious work” that was formulated in order to describe the unstable and non-standard systems of employment without social guarantees. The stability of the long-term employment contract is gradually being replaced by the flexible, erratic, temporary employment system. At this new stage of capitalism, labour mobility has been increased, and it legitimizes the reduction of wages, as well as provoking excessive competition among working people. These processes strengthen the power of the employer due to the short-term contract legalizes their right to dismissal without explanation of reasons and to decline the level of social security. There is no doubt that all these changes have an extremely negative impact on employees, causing significant damage to their psychosocial well-being and, as a consequence, to their physical health. Hence, the use of these flexible forms of labour relations by companies should be considered the social pollution of the inter-organizational environment that adversely affects not only employees of the organization, but also the economically active population, as a whole. Despite the rapid expansion the practice of using precarious labour contracts in order to implement strategy of the reducing the personnel expenses, a study of the impact of the precarious employment on the employees’ well-being is in its initial stage. This paper presents certain results of the comparative cross-country analysis of the data obtained by the authors in the frame of a sociological survey of employees of Russian and Czech companies. Given sociological survey is part of a long-term monitoring project, which aims is an evaluation of the changes occurring in socio-labour sphere of enterprises against the background of the precarization of employment.