Nowadays information security is an important component of political, economic, military, law enforcement and other aspects of the national security of our country, because the national security threats are carried out through the IT environment. In this article we consider the conception of the national security and the main directions of its maintenance. Also there are couched approaches and tools of maintenance of the national security in legal and regulatory, organizational and engineering and technical spheres. All of this makes us pay attention to either the threats which are carried out in the information sphere, and accordingly to that to problems of security assurance.