The aim of the research is to develop the theoretical and methodological foundations of the resource approach to the study and implementation of the Russian pronatalist policy. The research methodology is based on a systematic analysis of resources, an institutional approach used in demography. The results of the study consist in the classification and characterization of the resources of demographic policy aimed at increasing the birth rate, in the development of methodological approaches to their study. The prospects of the research suggest the development and implementation of methods for the study of resources of each type, the assessment of the potential of these resources in achieving the goals of the Russian pronatalist policy.