The article sequentially examines the effects of the global crisis and the ways of post-crisis recovery. The study investigates the role of the foreign trade in conducting of present social and economic domestic problems of the modern Russia and the entry of the Russian Federation as an equal member into the international division of labor. It`s made a comparative analysis of the foreign trade of Russia at the national and regional levels over the last decade. The Russian Federation as a whole and the Sverdlovsk region are the objects of the study. There is a special significance of that study during the period when the Russian Federation became a member of the World Trade Organization. In this regard, it`s emphasized the crucial state of the Russian economy and the prospects of its future development.