In the article, the variety of the scientific approaches to studying culture of empires, imperial culture and a cultural imperialism is analyzed. Advantages and disadvantages of historical and politological approaches to studying social, cultural, mental and anthropological aspects of modern forms of empires and of imperialism are discussed. The conclusion is drawn that system-structural approach is the most productive for a research on a system of culture and empire. On the basis of this approach, cultural and philosophical model for analyzing imperial culture, culture of the empire and a cultural imperialism is offered.