The research is devoted to analysis of factors, influencing attraction of foreign direct investment in the Russian regions. As far as foreign direct investment are associated with an instrument to social and economic challenges overcome, the main aim of the research is reveal of factors, that cause positive and significant impact on foreign direct investment attraction to Russian regions. There are two types of regions are considered in the article: mining and non-mining. The main hypothesis suggests that factors influencing foreign direct investment inflows to mining regions differ from factors influencing foreign direct investment to non- mining ones. So, an econometric analysis on the data of 83 Russian regions for the period from 2001 till 2017 was conducted. The econometric research is accomplished through fixed-effect method application. The econometric estimation has revealed that mining regions attract more foreign direct investment, while for the non-mining regions such factors as social and infrastructural determinants play a more important role. The results of the research can be used for development of policy on foreign direct investment improvement recommendations.