Studying psychic health, characterological and behavioral characteristics of people with cognitive impairment (PCI) is an important question, as children of this nosological group have additional difficulties in adaptive and social behavior [1, 2]. It influences children’s development and socialization, mastering some activity and self-realization in some activity. Materials. The article considers the questions concerning psychological characteristics of children with mild mental retardation at the age of 12-13. They are involved into track and field and ski race, in comparison with healthy athletes and children with mental retardation. They don’t attend sport clubs. Research methods. Information sources analysis and summarizing, psychological testing at an adaptive-program complex “NS-PsychoTest” of “Neurosoft” enterprise, methods of mathematical statistics. Methodical base of the research work included two tests: Eysenck test and Lüscher-Test. With the help of these tests we defined the type of temperament, which each group has, the level of extraversion/introversion, neuroticism, anxiety, the indices of children’s inner state. Results. It was revealed that children with mental retardation, who are involved into sport, have mainly phlegmatic type of temperament. They have autonomy and distinctive tendency of anxiety increase and personal influences unsteadiness; among healthy athletes of the same age predominates the following: sanguine type of temperament, balanced character of personal features, the lowest index of anxiety and stress among all groups of respondents. Among schoolchildren with mental retardation, who don’t have active life style, predominates the following: choleric type of temperament, indices of inner state don’t reveal considerable differences from PCI. They are involved into sport. They have excessive excitation, activity and the average index of anxiety increase.