The structural changes in the transition to a knowledge economy, the increasing global competition, the significant expansion of the service sector, the large-scale use of information and communication technologies, the increasing production and labour market flexibility have led to the new social and economic phenomenon, i. e. labour precarity. Precarity affects all spheres of the economy, including parental labour (the reproduction of high-quality human capital) that is the main intensive productive factor in the economic development of modern society. The research analyses the precarity by the parts of the parental labour process. The study is conducted according to the author’s technique based on the index method. In 2010-2017, precarity by the parts of the parental labour process was observed in Russia. The organizational, technical and economic facets are the most problematic aspects of parental labour. The study identifies the weaknesses in the parental labour management which increase its instability and decrease its security. The labour regulation measures by the parts of the labour process are proposed to reduce parental labour precarity.