The article is devoted to an actual problem of the regional economy - organization and prospects for the development of medical cluster. The article highlighted the prerequisites for the establishment of a regional medical cluster, based on the characteristics of a particular region - Kurgan region. Proposed: the definition of a medical cluster and principal model of organization of the cluster, as well as the interaction between organizations participating in the cluster in certain sectors. As the authors of the cluster core is considered a separate medical research institution. The paper presents the key characteristics of the institutions that define the main feature of the ‘core’ cluster - its effectiveness (business activity). It identified a number of assumptions which may develop interaction between public health agencies of regional and federal level with enterprises of real sector of economy of Kurgan region within the health cluster. Proposed by the authors theoretical approaches can be the basis for the practical implementation of the concept of cluster development in selected sectors of the regional economy, in particular - the regional healthcare