The purpose of the study is to determine the place and role of Tajikistan in strengthening and ensuring security in Central Asia, the significance of the political instability of Tajikistan and its consequences for the entire region. The article gives an assessment of the existing threats to the security system of Central Asia. The issue of Tajikistan's cooperation with regional organizations such as the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was touched upon.