the Study is devoted to identification and description of family values of Russian national culture on the material of Russian Proverbs XVIII-XIX centuries, the Author outlines the direct and indirect language signals verbalization of perceptions of values and attitudes. Themselves valuable ideas and attitudes in mediated form are recorded in the contents of language units and can be identified through the application of methods of linguistic analysis. As N. N. Boldyrev emphasizes that value preferences that determine the nature of the world, directly connected with the system of ideas of native speakers about reality, expressed by means of language [op. CIT. by: Vepreva, Itskovich, Bush, Shalina, 2016, 63]. System of ideas about reality, expressed by means of language, from the point of view of cognitive linguistics connected with the cognitive structure - a means of encoding, storage, transformation and transmission of knowledge and assessment. Introduces the concepts of integrity and disintegrity verbally expressed conceptual units of the axiosphere of culture. Axiological infection can be characterized by a paremiological units, formally deprived of language and speech means.