The article focuses on the state of Russian morals in the situation of current social modernization. The analysis is based upon the sociological research carried out by the authors in 2010-2012 using the vignette method. The poll covered 147 Yekaterinburg and Sverdlovsk Region dwellers. The article marks out and analyzes the informants' views on the problem of the proper course of things and the “I - Others” relationship, and clarifies respondents' cognitive dispositions towards the actual morals in different spheres of modern Russian everyday life. The authors point out a number of problems and contradictions testifying to the respondents' insufficient readiness for modernization transformations on the level of everyday behavioral practices.