This article is devoted to the analysis of religious culture of Ural students in the system of higher professional education of Russia. Materials of two complex regional investigations in the problems of confessional behavior among students held by the authors in 2005-2012 in the Institute of Economics of the UB of the RAS and in Physico-Technical Institute of the Ural Federal University were used in the given article. Sociologist revealed inconsistency of religious consciousness of students, ambiguity of motives and causes of their participation in propaganda actions of Russian Orthodox Church, targeted to student audience.